The changeset performs validations on data objects. If any changeset is not valid, then the database operation will not happen.
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user =User.new
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changeset =User.changeset(user)
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changeset.valid?
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Repo operations on single instances will also return a changeset, where you can check is validity and also check for error messages and constraint error messages.
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user =User.new
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changeset =Repo.insert(user)
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changeset.errors.any?
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Changeset methods
errors
An array of validation and constraint errors
valid?
Returns whether the changeset is valid not
instance
The new object instance after the database operation
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user =User.new
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changeset =Repo.insert(user)
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changeset.instance.id # new database id
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action
Action performed on the changeset afer the database operation :insert, :update, etc